0:00:10i met a problem and i've been working in campus lab to the u burke
0:00:14program and we are studying h p v or human couple on the virus type
0:00:18sixteen
0:00:19and h p v types sixteen is the main cause of cervical cancer it causes
0:00:24fifty percent of all cervical cancers each year
0:00:30all the other h p v types combined account the other fifty percent
0:00:34and the question we wanted to solve when it comes h p v infection
0:00:37is how does invade a whole cell and set up a success one faction
0:00:43and h p v is a non on the left virus and so when it
0:00:47gets taken into a cell
0:00:49it encounters a serious there you're to its successful infection in the form of an
0:00:55in this normal member
0:00:56when it gets taken in
0:00:58it has to get its genome across the non polar
0:01:03and is a membrane this is a difficult process because the aging on is very
0:01:06pull
0:01:08in order to do this the
0:01:10the virus somehow has to disrupt that membrane or for a pork process
0:01:15we don't know which way h p v is doing whether just completely destroying the
0:01:20and dissolve or if it's forming a small or through which can get it you
0:01:24know so we found this trend membrane region on that caps approaching
0:01:29when we looked closer at it we found these highly conserved g x three g
0:01:32motives all throughout the trans membrane domain
0:01:36g extra g motifs
0:01:38are
0:01:39protein multi switch in which there's one nikolai seen then three of any amino acid
0:01:44then another glancing
0:01:45these motives of previously been shown to mediate trans membrane domain interactions within membrane so
0:01:52they the question is an extremely small amino acid
0:01:56so what that what these three g motif do is on alpha helix
0:02:02puts the glide things right on top of each other and sense that pricing is
0:02:05so small it provides almost like a slot where other trends membrane domains containing z
0:02:10x three john g motifs can slide into each other in interact all so that
0:02:15are l two peptide or are l two region
0:02:19and then a mute of the l two that we created for the each team
0:02:23you
0:02:23the teaching and essentially just insert several very polar amino acids in to the middle
0:02:29of the trans membrane domain which otherwise is very non polar
0:02:34and what we found it is that the wild type l two trends member a
0:02:38domain doesn't fact function as at remembering domain but are each d you version does
0:02:43not so we now know that the
0:02:48defect in
0:02:49the h t mutant is that it can't escape the end result
0:02:54so
0:02:55we then we're and we wanted to
0:02:58study more closely those d x three d motifs and how they affect this process
0:03:02and so we created several alan insertion you switch unlike the h t new do
0:03:08not destroy to trans membrane functionalities of this region but what it will do is
0:03:13it'll throw out of key all those d x three g motifs
0:03:17and what we found with those means is that
0:03:20the one called eight fifty five was completely non infectious
0:03:25the a sixty was slightly infectious and the a sixty four was completely normal so
0:03:29this tells us the team or and terminology extra g might use are essential for
0:03:33infection the more see terminal ones or not
0:03:36we then went into a
0:03:39we then wanted to study
0:03:42what exactly those the extra g motifs are interacting with and interacting with themselves or
0:03:47their interacting with some unknown factor given the way h p v works most people
0:03:52clearly infection on their own
0:03:54and it doesn't become a problem joe years after the actual infection process is over
0:03:59it doesn't sir this peptide isn't really medically relevant
0:04:03two age pvi stopping h p v infection but we hope to take that same
0:04:08idea and applied to more medically relevant viruses that might use the same type of
0:04:14infection system
0:04:16and so
0:04:17in conclusion
0:04:19essentially what we found is that
0:04:21h p v gets a genome across that and is normal membrane by using a
0:04:26trend member a domain your the end terminus of l two which can change g
0:04:31x three g maltese along which the l two protein interacts with itself and perhaps
0:04:36other proteins form for that the genome can get through